Complex Trauma
A broad disorder resulting from repeated or prolonged traumatization that affects emotional experience, relationships, and self-image.
Complex trauma (C-PTSD) differs from single-event trauma in that it results from repeated or prolonged harmful experiences. It is most typically related to childhood experiences.
Causes of complex trauma
- Childhood physical, emotional, or sexual abuse
- Long-term domestic violence
- Childhood neglect or abandonment
- Prolonged bullying
- War experiences or torture
Symptoms
Complex trauma causes, in addition to PTSD symptoms: - Emotional regulation difficulties: Difficulty regulating emotions, sudden mood swings - Changes in self-perception: Guilt, shame, feelings of worthlessness - Relationship problems: Difficulty trusting others, insecurity in close relationships - Dissociation: Feeling detached from self or surroundings
Treatment
Complex trauma treatment is often long-term and typically progresses in phases: 1. Stabilization: Creating safety, managing symptoms 2. Trauma processing: Processing memories safely 3. Integration: Building a new self-image and relationships
Treatment methods include psychodynamic therapy, schema therapy, and trauma-focused cognitive therapy.
If you are in immediate danger or have thoughts of suicide, call 112. For crisis support, call the MIELI Crisis Helpline on 09 2525 0111 (in Finnish, 24/7). More help: [crisis help](/apua/kriisiapu).